When talking about laser printers, you would be wondering how a laser beam can create images and letters or text on paper, by focusing a beam? You commonly use a laser printer but never been curious about how this technology works. From a digital data, into an intelligible forms of text and images, how does it really work? We're just aware to some of its components such as the fuse assembly, the laser drum unit, and so on, they all work together to create an output.
Static electricity, the main principle behind the laser printing technology. We all know that opposite charged attract each other, it applies in the process of laser printing as well. A photoreceptor is a drum or cylinder that revolves, it's the core component of our printer system. The revolving drum has a positive charge that comes from a charge wire that carries electrical current. As it revolves, tiny laser beams shines across the surface to discharge, and through this process, a pattern of letters and images are drawn as electrostatic image. To make it more understandable, take a can of soda, now use a glue to write any text around the can, then roll it over to powder, you'll noticed that the flour sticks only to the part that has a glue, thus forming the text around the can. Now before the paper rolls under the drum, it is charged negatively to attract the toner from the drum that is positively charged.
Now you might be confused how the paper doesn't stick to the drum while the transferring process occur, simply because, the paper is immediately discharged by a detac corona wire after picking up the toner. The final process includes the function of fuser, where the paper passes through. A fuser is a pair of heated rollers that melts the loose toner particles from the printed material allowing the toners to fuse with the paper's fibers. Then it rolls out the printed material into the output tray of your printer and there you have your printout. It's also the same component responsible why your printout comes out fresh and hot.
To erase the previous text or image from the drum unit, it passes through a discharged lamp that emits a bright light which erases the formed text / images once the drum was exposed to it. Then all the same process goes on again and again every time you use your laser printer and laser toner cartridges. There are several components of your printer that wasn't mentioned, to avoid making it more complex.
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